How is summative evaluation distinct from formative evaluation?

Summative evaluation is distinct from formative evaluation primarily because it is concerned with assessing the outcomes of a program or intervention after implementation. This type of evaluation aims to measure the effectiveness of a project or educational program by analyzing results against predetermined goals or benchmarks. It often occurs at the end of a course or program, providing insights into what has been achieved and whether the desired learning objectives have been met.

In contrast to summative evaluation, formative evaluation focuses on ongoing processes and improvements throughout the educational experience. It gathers feedback during the learning process, allowing for adjustments to be made in real-time to enhance learning outcomes. By emphasizing outcomes, summative evaluation helps stakeholders understand the overall impact and efficacy of a program, making it crucial for accountability and decision-making.