Which approach to teaching emphasizes critical thinking and student-led exploration?

Inquiry-based learning is an approach to teaching that prioritizes critical thinking and encourages student-led exploration. In this method, students engage in a process of questioning, investigating, and reflecting on their learning, which fosters a deeper understanding of the subject matter. Instead of passively receiving information from the teacher, students are empowered to ask questions, seek out answers, and explore topics in a hands-on manner. This approach not only enhances critical thinking skills but also promotes curiosity and a sense of ownership in the learning process, as students take an active role in their education.

In contrast, approaches like direct instruction, lecturing, and standardized learning often rely on a teacher-centered model where information is presented in a structured format, limiting opportunities for students to explore or think critically about the material on their own. These methods typically focus on rote learning and memorization, which do not foster the same level of inquiry and exploration as inquiry-based learning does.